Critics of the Bayesian approach, such as Mayo (1996), object that scientific hypotheses cannot sensibly be given probabilities.
The uncertainty regarding demands, supplies, processing and transportation costs is captured by generating discrete scenarios with given probabilities of occurrences.
In this model, the uncertainty resulted from demand and parts processing time were expressed by stochastic scenarios with given probabilities.
This paper supposes that the time-variant system is discrete in time and space with given probabilities of transition between space states.
The results show that the optimal caching policy is caching those less popular contents with some given probabilities while caching more popular contents with a higher probability.
We estimate the number of iterations (trial swaps) required to find the clustering for three given probabilities of failure (10, 1, 0.1%).
Although the exact reliability figures for commercial SNs such as Tmote2 and Iris nodes are not publicly available, we estimated the given probabilities of failure using the reliability figures available for Texas Instrument CC2420 IEEE 802.15.4 transceiver (http://www.ti.com/product/CC2420/quality) as a reference point, assuming a WSN mission time of 5 years.
The cells can divide, die, and mutate with given probabilities.
Two main types of modelling approaches can be identified in the literature - Microsimulation and dynamical Individual Based Models (IBMs): The microsimulation approach defines individual economic and social trajectories through a set of events which occur with given probabilities, generally neglecting interactions between individuals.
The remaining 11.6% were assigned to 2 families, albeit with given probabilities of <0.9.
Furthermore, the given probabilities within the tumor area can be used to take partial volume effects into account[ 11 13].
