Given our inconsistent associations for women who report definite versus probable in utero DES exposure, conclusions from our study are unclear.
In other words, posterior probabilities can be used to measure how likely each of the hypotheses are, given our prior beliefs of association and colocalisation, and the data on genetic association to disease and gene expression.
The loci for which we found the best evidence of association, given our data and the independent replication samples from the PGC and SGENE+ consortium, are reported in Table 2 and their regional association plots are in Figure 3.
Given our finding of an association with neuritic plaques, we substituted a model term for neuritic pathology instead of the global pathology variable; however, despite a modest reduction in the effect size, the relation between PCK1 and cognitive impairment remained significant (Beta = 0.31, p = 0.005; Table 7).
However, additional studies are warranted given our findings of an association of iAs with cIMT and plasma ADMA in children.
However, additional studies are warranted given our findings of an association of iAs exposure with BP and echocardiographic parameters in children.
Given our finding of the association of Catholic women with stigmatizing attitudes, it could be helpful for faith-based leaders to promote anti-stigma attitudes (South et al., 2011).
Given our finding that the association with plasma total PCBs tended to differ by stage of prostate cancer, one possible reason might be differences in the proportion of localized and advanced prostate cancer cases among different studies.
Although the results from these exploratory pathway analyses do not suggest that breast cancer risk is affected by combined variation in the genes that we examined from the KEGG "Toll-like receptor signaling pathway", this study may have been limited to detect such an association given our sample size and the absence of some key genes within this pathway (such as MyD88, TLR1, and TLR2).
Nevertheless, HIV incidence is often closely associated with prevalence, and as in Tanser et al. [ 1], we also assumed that time lags between cause and effect would not significantly model outcomes given our emphasis on preliminary associations.
This lack of association between early adversity and inflammation is somewhat surprising given our previous findings on strong associations of early childhood adversity with frailty in Latin America [ 47].
