In turn, one can compute Bayesian posterior-means of achievement and achievement gains given observed scores – estimators having statistical properties superior to those for the observed score (score-gain).
Analytic expressions are derived for the expected ultimate losses, given observed development patterns.
For separation in the lateral sense, we approximate the given observed data by the field of several 3D line segments.
Therefore, the paper proposes a method that would allow the estimation of scour depth for a given observed pile frequency.
The challenge associated with finding some 'optimal' smoothing parameter for standalone implementation of the kernel estimator given observed data is compounded when we deal with the density-ratio per se.
We also characterize the implications of a multisite versus single site study design for statistical power, including a figure that shows sample size requirements to detect activation in two key nodes of the working memory circuitry given observed differences in reliability of measurement between single and multisite designs.
For the given observed sedimentary facies successions, can there be more than one set of model parameters found meeting the forward stratigraphic model?
Then the proposed two-level DES model can be considered as a function of α h and α d, given observed workload series.
The indexes used and discussed in the following section are: the forecast error (FE) at given observed temperature values, the mean absolute error (MAE), the climatological Skill Score (SSclim), the anomaly correlation coefficient (ACC).
In 1971, given observed changes in social development, he added as the fifth stage "beyond consumption" in Politics and the Stages of Growth (1971), further explaining the growth tendency of mass consumption.
As explained throughout Section 4.2, an OIA is an evaluated marginal probability of impact of a node X given observed shock events (vec {se}_{o}), i.e., (P(^ x|vec {se}_{o})).
