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Given microbes' ubiquitous nature, we expect a certain amount of bacteria to be in our kitchens, on items like raw chicken and filthy dish sponges.
The book traces the history of humans' relationship with animals as humans evolved from hunters to villagers, traders, and, more recently, pet owners and international consumers, an evolutionary process that has given microbes unlimited passports to new populations and geographic areas.
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What might be of more use, and perhaps should be restricted, is information on the particular genes that cause a given microbe to be unusually deadly.
Kempes devised equations to represent how fast a given microbe grows, as well as the total amount of food an organism can convert to energy.
It enables a methodical search for free-energy minimizing structures, many of which are typically supported by the set of macromolecules and membranes constituting a given microbe.
Now, there's a new index, developed by health economist Ramanan Laxminarayan, that simplifies matters by expressing the resistance problems for any given microbe in a single number that goes up or down from year to year.
The column in the binary matrix represented the proteome of a given microbe and each row represented a tryptic peptide sequence from the LC-MS/MS analysis.
In line with this scientific paradigm, Panchin et al. [ 6] posed an interesting question: what if some microbes might subtly manipulate human brain toward certain religious rituals that are beneficial for the propagation of the given microbe(s).
Moreover, successful endeavors in the future for optimizing microbial production of natural compounds will require, besides the functional integration of a complete or a partial heterologous pathway in a given microbe, adaptation of the host organism to its environment to improve product titers.
Most annotation work has been directed to the assessment of the protein repertoire encoded by a given microbe, aiming to the genome-scale reconstruction of bacterial metabolism [ 1], the identification of gene sets unique to pathogenic microorganisms [ 2, 3] or the development of new vaccines [ 4].
Biologists often speak of switching genes on and off to give microbes new abilities like producing biofuels or drugs, or gobbling up environmental toxins.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com