All the remaining scores ranged between five (one occurrence every six months) and nine (one occurrence every three to four days); and the only failure given a probability of nine by the FMEA team had an equivalent probability of 'rare' reported on trust's incident reporting database.
The group size of 15 subjects for the 20 µg AMA1+CPG group, included for safety, gave a probability of about 0.8 for detecting one or more serious or severe AE that occur with a frequency of 0.1 per volunteer.
However, all Rs must indicate Cs in a region of space-time if any are to do so, given the strict characterization of indication (for if Rs indicate Cs in that region, then in that region it must be the case that C being the case, given an R-tokening, has a probability of one).
Statistical evaluation of the misorientation data gives a probability distribution of grain boundary misorientations with two maxima: a dominant peak for very-small-angle grain boundaries and a small maximum near 64°, the latter corresponding to {1 1 0} twinning orientations.
Juventus was a runner-up in two of the last four seasons and is given a 6% probability of going one step better.
The above binomial theorem was used to calculate the probabilities of zero or one female mating simultaneously, and this value was then subtracted from one to give the probability of two or more females mating simultaneously [10].
Although not powered to detect differences in the incidence of specific adverse events or immune responses between AMA1-C1 and Recombivax or between the different dose concentrations of AMA1-C1, a group size of 12 per dose concentration of AMA1-C1 was chosen to give a reasonable probability of detecting one or more serious or severe vaccine-related adverse events.
With this escalation plan, all women in the pilot study had first menses by 12 weeks, giving a high probability of observing two normal menstrual periods by 16 weeks.
We give an overview of two approaches to probability theory where lower and upper probabilities, rather than probabilities, are used: Walley's behavioural theory of imprecise probabilities, and Shafer and Vovk's game-theoretic account of probability.
This procedure made all possible combinations and, through a Fishers exact test, gave the probability of the two loci being independent (null hypothesis) or not (alternative hypothesis).
Given the low probability of a switch, two switches in such closely related cells implied there was either perdurance of the Cre protein following a single loss-of-silencing event, or some 'heritable' instability shared between these two cells, as has been previously suggested in a different context (Kaufmann et al., 2007).
