Exact(60)
With each cable carrying data at a rate of 10 gigabits a second, the tapped cables could, in theory, deliver more than 21 petabytes a day – equivalent to sending all the information in all the books in the British Library 192 times every 24 hours.
Attacks can thus be scaled up to well over 100 gigabits per second (Gbps).
In the process, storage densities have soared from the 1 to 2 gigabits per square inch of the first GMR hard-drives to more than 27 gigabits per square inch today.
They demonstrated a tape that can store 29.5 gigabits per square inch which, for a standard 1km tape, translates as 35 terabytes of data on a single cartridge.
Today, 1 gigabit per second Ethernet is common and speeds of 100 gigabits per second are being developed.
More recently, an extension to the standard has raised the data rate to 10 gigabits per second.The USB standard owes its success largely to being simple, versatile, cheap, hot-swappable (it can be plugged and unplugged while a computer is running) while being capable of functioning as a power supply as well as a data link.
But if scaled up, a square centimetre of such material could store a staggering 6.4 gigabits of information.
First, there are those in so-called "peering fabrics", giant network operation centres run by companies like Equinix, in which hundreds or thousands of networks large and small terminate and exchange data with one another at gigabits per second.
Today's technology can transmit data up to 4km (2.5 miles) at speeds of 1-3 gigabits per second (Gbps).Telecoms operators are starting to take an interest in the technology as an alternative to the microwave-radio "backhaul" links that are used to link mobile-phone base-stations to operators' core networks.
As the number of channels goes up, and the capacity of each channel is increased a typical configuration now involves 40 channels operating at 2.5 gigabits (billion bits) per second the channels start to interfere with each other, and with themselves.
Enron, an American energy firm, wants to install at least ten gigabits of bandwidth among seven cities within the next 18 months, by itself about a tenth of NASSCOM's bandwidth target.
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