Sentence examples for gic i from inspiring English sources

For assessment of GIC, I conclude that 3-D earth's conductivity structure including the realistic bathymetry and the underground conductivity structure is essential and should be used.

Lehtinen and Pirjola (1985) provided all the expressions that lead to the determination of the GIC (I) flowing into the Earth (or into the grid) at each of the n nodes.

These parameters are used to calculate GIC (I, in ampere) along power transmission lines from the standard matrix equation in Lehtinen and Pirjola (1985): mathbf{I} = left(mathbf{1} + mathbf{Y}mathbf{Z}right)^{-1} cdot mathbf{J} (3).

Lehtinen and Pirjola (1985) derive a formula for the N × 1 column matrix I e that includes the earthing currents (or earthing GIC) I e,m (m = 1, …, N) to (positive) or from (negative) the Earth at the stations as follows (1) The symbol 1 denotes the N × N unit identity matrix.

Consequently, the principal objective of this paper is related to the research of GIC, i.e. ground effects of space weather, and not to traditional magnetotelluric and geoelectromagnetic induction studies performed intensively for several decades.

Hitherto, these two main factors directly affect the Raman response in GIC by (i) the induced charge transferred from the K atoms into the carbon layers and (ii) the in-plane strain coming from the change in the C C bond length.

The microscopic images of GIC, GIC-reinforced microsilver particles and GIC-reinforced nanosilver particles are as shown in Fig. 8.

All systematic reviews were conducted and published between March 2010 and March 2011 on clinical topics covering the application of conventional (C-GIC) and resin-modified GIC (RM-GIC).

In the case of the CIPS blends, the increase in the value of GIc results from (i) crack deflection and (ii) microcracking and crack bifurcation.

To build the XFEM damage laws, the fracture toughness in pure mode I (GIc) and tensile cohesive strength ( σ0n) of the two adhesives were initially determined by Double-Cantilever Beand(DCbulknd bulk tensile tests, respectively.

Dispersions of 20 phr of nanorubber into the matrix significantly improved the Mode I (GIC) and Mode II (GIIC) delamination fracture toughness of the GFRP panels by 190% and 70% respectively.