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Moreover, future investigations comparing the changes observed herein with those from other in vivo models of GI dysfunction (e.g. colitis) and/or stress are also warranted.
Stomach infections may have early consequences on the enteric nervous system that manifest as gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction including constipation [ 99].
Different hormonal, immunological and vascular changes might contribute to the increased risk for GI dysfunction in ageing women [ 13, 14].
Guidelines specifically recommend hydrolyzed protein formulas for patients with GI dysfunction, such as short bowel syndrome, pancreatitis, or persistent diarrhea [ 1, 15, 25].
A characterization study of 160 children with ASD found 59% had GI dysfunction with diarrhea or unformed stools, constipation, bloating, and/or gastroesophageal reflux (GERD [ 4].
In this study, 91.7% of autistic patients with GI manifestations had chronic constipation which was reported to be the most common type of GI dysfunction in children with autism (85%).
Similar(34)
Executive dysfunction . . .
Erectile dysfunction?
Language dysfunction?
What is dysfunction?
Dysfunction as normality.
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