The purpose of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the effects of gestational maternal buprenorphine maintenance on newborn neurobehavioral functioning.
This work was aimed at analyzing the impact of periconceptional (until E5.5) versus gestational maternal hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis on fetal development at different stages of intrauterine development.
Several studies revealed also an increased risk for delivering infants with NTDs in association with lowered gestational maternal weight gain [ 77, 78].
Results from an ovine study showed peri-implantational and late gestational maternal under nutrition differentially affected myofibre density and function in fetal triceps muscle [ 28].
Known risk factors include syphilis, ascending bacterial vaginal infections, pre-existing and gestational maternal conditions like diabetes, inherited thrombophilias, and intrahepatic cholestasis; pre-eclampsia, placental abruption and other placental dysfunction; and maternal Rhesus disease [ 4].
†Adjusted odds ratio, adjusted for infant sex, gestational age, maternal education, maternal parity, maternal term weight, maternal income, and maternal age.
‡Unadjusted model, †Adjusted for infant sex, gestational age, maternal education, maternal parity, maternal term weight, maternal income, and maternal age (N = 325).
Nonpathological factors affecting birth weight are gestational age, maternal height, maternal weight at booking, parity, and ethnic group (12).
aModel adjusted for birth location, sex of infant, infant plurality, estimated gestational age, maternal age, maternal military status, and military sponsor race/ethnicity.
Customised birth weight centiles were calculated taking into account gestational age, maternal height, maternal pre-pregnancy or booking weight, ethnicity, parity and neonatal sex.
All of the subjects had complete information on birth weight, gestational age, maternal race, parity, infant's sex, maternal prepregnancy weight and height, and perinatal morbidity and mortality.
