Common indications for cesarean section include obstructed labour, failure of labour to progress, placenta praevia (development of the placenta in an abnormally low position near the cervix), fetal distress, gestational diabetes mellitus, and improper positioning of the fetus for delivery.
Likewise, in the case of gestation, since the gestational mother is guaranteed to be identifiable at birth, it is in the best interests of the child that she be regarded as the mother (Annas 1984).
Although gestational age may be accurately determined, growth and development at each week of gestation can vary from fetus to fetus.
Treatment for these babies is often left to the discretion of doctors and families.While guidelines and rules-of-thumb based on gestational age can bring some level of objectivity to these life-and-death decisions, the notion of a clear dividing line between a viable and non-viable baby is both ethically and medically dubious.
We also defined gestational age as time since conception, rather than time since the mother's last menstrual period.
First, estimating gestational age is an imprecise science.
At a gestational age of 32 36 weeks, about 99% of babies survive; at 28 31 weeks survival drops to 96%, and at less than 28 weeks the survival rate is less than 80%.
Additional recommendations address needs of pregnant women, including screening for gestational diabetes and lactation counseling and equipment to help women who choose to breastfeed do so successfully.America has far and away the highest rates of teen pregnancy in the developed world.
Gestational surrogacy uses an egg from a donor, rather than the surrogate.
Such difficult decisions, more often than not, are determined by the baby's gestational age.
Much depends on the gestational age: the time since the mother's last menstrual period.
