It is hence possible, that PARP1 itself can contribute to an unstable chromatin structure in CIS and fetal germ cells, in addition to its role in active demethylation.
In germ cells, in addition to being in the cytoplasm, we find that PUF-8 is also present in the nucleus, where it colocalises with at least two nuclear proteins involved in mRNA processing/export.
In the case of treatment T7, combined effect of germ soak water and B-vitamins was investigated and excess of vitamin B12 and B-complex was added in addition to germ soak water (Table 1).
In addition to germ cell differentiation, we have also demonstrated for the first time that proliferation of germ cells occurs in a variable proportion of these cells in the marmoset during fetal and early postnatal life, and that this proliferation occurs in germ cells at different stages of differentiation during this period.
"Those fish sperm stem cells may be able to become other types of cells in addition to germ cells," he says.
In addition to germ cell loss, inactivation of Wnt4 or β-catenin resulted in ectopic appearance of androgen-producing CYP17-positive cells in the ovary (Fig. 2F & G) [18], [25].
In addition to germ cell development, CREM and CREB are involved in many other physiological processes.
Continuing evolution of long-lived resprouter angiosperms, together with genetic variation in their multiple meristems, indicates that TEs can facilitate somatic evolution in addition to germ line evolution.
The same observations were found for fetal testis samples at GW 11 and GW 33 (Supplementary Figure 5), except that APOBEC1 also localised to the nuclear membrane of fetal germ cells at GW 33, in addition to the previously described cytoplasmic localisation.
In Drosophila, the single nanos homolog is implicated in germ cell migration, suppression of somatic cell fate in the germ line and maintenance of germ stem cell self-renewal (16– 18), in addition to involvement in somatic patterning (19).
