Applying this analysis to ESIP helps to understand the path-dependency of sorghum breeding, showing how early choices around agroecological classifications, germplasm use, and F1 hybrid development became 'locked-in', consequently resisting change.
These STRs have also proved to be helpful in classification of Musa germplasm to distinguish individual accessions and in the development of a standardized procedure for genotyping.
The results presented here lead us to propose a new classification of cacao germplasm into 10 major clusters, or groups: Marañon, Curaray, Criollo, Iquitos, Nanay, Contamana, Amelonado, Purús, Nacional and Guiana.
Origination and classification of 523 germplasm accessions.
Analysis of genetic diversity in germplasm collections can facilitate reliable classification of accessions and identification of core accessions subsets with possible utility for specific breeding purposes.
The cluster analysis revealed that the 90 genotypes examined showed a clear demarcation of the germplasm according to their racial classification, consistent with previous studies using RFLPs [ 9] and SSRs and AFLPs [ 17].
Although the species was initially domesticated from wild ancestors in Central America and Mexico, modern efforts to improve cacao were initiated in the early 1900s, with the classification of cacao germplasm into three major morphological/geographic groups: Criollo, Forastero and Trinitario.
Overall, this analysis supports the botanical classification of the germplasm surveyed and suggests the usefulness of the EST-SSR markers for genetic diversity studies and other genotyping applications in cassava and its wild relatives.
In agronomic classifications of barley germplasm, a third category of cultivars, termed facultative [ 7], is recognized, in which cultivars show winter hardiness but do not require vernalization.
Two derived cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (dCAPS) markers were used to investigate the allelic distribution of GS5 gene in the germplasm collection: (1) GS5-TaqI for classification of the H94- and Zhenshan97-alleles, and (2) GS5-SalI to distinguish the Zhonghua11-allele.
This leads us to propose a new classification of the cacao germplasm that will enhance its management.
