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In the early seventh century Mecca was the locus for the only miracle on which all Muslims concur – the revelation of the Qur'an to the Prophet Muhammad – and after that the city contrived to be both conceptually vital and geographically marginal to the earthly empires founded in his name.
Understanding how geographically marginal populations might respond to selection is becoming increasingly urgent given the current threats of climate change, habitat fragmentation, and invasive species.
Under this sampling design, differences in P between central and marginal populations compared to those seen between the populations of their paired species can be interpreted as indicative of processes operating in geographically marginal populations.
In each case, the species on the left hand side of the pair was sampled from two centrally distributed populations whereas the species on the right hand side contains one central and one geographically marginal population.
Despite its likely importance in the evolution of these limits, little is known about phenotypic covariance in geographically marginal populations, and the degree to which it constrains, or facilitates, responses to selection.
Consequently, geographically marginal populations are expected to harbour less genetic variation and to be more strongly isolated from one another [ 11], because the population size and its recurrent fluctuations determine the loss rate of genetic variation due to genetic drift.
Similar(53)
Worshipped throughout India but particularly in Kashmir, Kerala, South India, Bengal, and Assam, Kali is both geographically and culturally marginal.
In illuminating the ways in which 'ancient' and 'modern' geography was at work in this politically core yet geographically 'marginal' space, the paper highlights the complexities intrinsic to the making of geography and of empire in a region until now neglected in modern historical geography.
Large bodied vertebrates with highly specialized habitat requirements may be at particular risk of extinction due to habitat degradation and fragmentation, especially if these habitats are naturally patchily distributed, marginal, otherwise geographically limited, or associated in space with high human population densities or heavy anthropogenic disturbance.
I'm going to have to bounce around geographically to maintain some marginal semblance of thematic order.
The Baltic is an ecologically marginal and geographically peripheral marine habitat due to its permanent low salinity and geographic semi-isolation from the Atlantic.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com