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Although C. dubliniensis was initially identified as an 'atypical' form of the more common C. albicans, subsequent phenotypic and genotypic studies have identified it as a separate strain [2].
Using different experimental results to really see how scientists compile and use data (blood samples, enzyme studies, genotypic studies, evoprints) made students aware of the importance of evolution both in humans and in pathogens.
Other genotypic studies from India [7], [18] are based solely on spoligotypes.
Phenotypic and genotypic studies that involve artificial manipulation of viral genomes at DNA level provide significant insights on viral replication, pathogeneses and other biological characteristics.
The lack of genotypic studies has greatly impacted epidemiological investigations and the understanding of the basic differences between the saprophytic and pathogenic traits of Kocuria strains.
Genotypic studies of rickettsiae conducted during the 1990s led to two rickettsial genes that can be used to identify rickettsial infections: citrate synthase (gltA) and rOmpA (9).
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One genotypic study used DNA sequencing as the reference test but was also included.
Similarly, in a genotypic study of 652 Slovenian populations BMD was not associated with -1397/-1396insGGA SOST polymorphism [ 22].
For some duos, parent of origin could be determined but that parent was unavailable for genotypic study.
45– 47 Genotypic sequencing studies in serum samples of 67 BENCHMRK patients who failed raltegravir revealed that the Q148H and N155H integrase mutations were mutually exclusive.
While he was prescribed nelfinavir, abacavir and zidovudine, it was suspected that he was not consistently taking full dosage, and genotypic resistance studies showed no evidence of significant resistance-associated mutations in the HIV PR or RT regions (not shown).
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