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Genomic alterations found in malignancies are somatic mutations, chromosomal translocations and copy number alterations (CNA).
The genomic alterations found in the present study appeared to be random events, as deduced from their low frequency and the lack of recurrence among different dNFs.
Our results suggest that the pattern of genomic alterations found in clear cell ovarian tumours is distinct from that seen in other ovarian histological subtypes.
However, it is not certain whether the genomic alterations found in single tumor biopsy samples from primary tumors are maintained in metastatic lesions.
Deletion of the INK4a-ARF locus is one of the most frequent genomic alterations found in human high-grade meningiomas (15) encouraging the question of which protein provides the relevant tumor suppressor activity of the locus.
These insertions can be (re combined owing to the associated loxP sites, to produce a series of rearrangements of this locus that model genomic alterations found in human patients, and help determine the causal elements or genes.
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IDH1/2 mutation is the most frequent genomic alteration found in gliomas, affecting 40% of these tumors and is one of the earliest alterations occurring in gliomagenesis.
The first genomic alteration found to be consistently associated with a human malignancy, the chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), was the Philadelphia chromosome, discovery by Nowell and Hungerford in 1960 [ 8].
By comparison to matched myometria, few genomic alterations were found (Table 3, Figure S2).
In the other subset of five samples considered as primary ovarian carcinoma, no overlap of genomic alterations was found between mammary and ovarian samples.
The application of high-throughput CGH arrays will confirm the alterations found at the genomic level in a comprehensive detailed manner (Pinkel et al, 1998).
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