Since pathogenicity has been linked with HGT [ 1, 2] we also wanted to test whether the pathogenic potential of the E. coli strains correlated with genomic properties such as AT content, genome size, genomic drift, and selective pressures, as estimated using relative entropy and dN/ dS.
These low identity and degraded pseudogenes appear not to be functional for antigen variation and likely will be removed from the genome by drift and selection.
Genome sampling (drift) in breeding practice inevitably would contribute to genome stratification and spurious effects because only a fraction of the population is maintained for producing the next generation.
Alternatively, the nuclear data could be interpreted as revealing abundant gene flow mediated by male bananaquits, biparental gene flow followed by localized episodes of selective sweeps acting on the mitochondrial genome, or drift associated with reduction in female population size.
With respect to the mitochondrial genomes, significant drift in the primary amino acid sequences of the ATP synthase subunit 8 (and8) and seven ribosomal subunits were discovered.
In summary, although a fraction of the Nc nucleotides within SSs is maintained by selection, the abundance of deleterious nucleotides in this class suggests a substantial genome-wide drift load.
Therefore, for each 0R (pre-duplicate) deuterostome gene, there could be maximally two genome-duplicated paralogs in 1R animal genomes, four in 2R genomes, and eight in 3R genomes, though neutral drift should quickly eliminate most of duplicated paralogs [ 25- 27].
No actively growing cancer has a static genome, and genetic drift is inherent in the xenografting process.
There is therefore no obvious correlation between genome size and drift towards low GC content in microsporidia, and similarly no pronounced lineage-specific bias.
