However, the chromosomal regions that contain c- myc and CCND1 are genetically unstable, which may be of significance in the development of muscle-invasive bladder cancer.
GxE interaction analysis holds the promise of verifying if the association between an environmental factor (e.g., EE) and body fat accumulation is genetically driven, which may be of importance in understanding why people respond differently to physical exercise intervention programs [ 37].
Moreover, the presence of NRPS could offer further genetic modifications, which may generate novel genetically modified peptides in the future with high pharmacological importance.
These findings suggested that there is a component of AIDS risk that is genetically-defined by CCL3L1-CCR5 genetic variations which may not be captured fully by the laboratory markers.
We also explore a finer level of resolution using population-genetic structuring methods to diagnose sets of populations that are genetically distinct and, which may represent more recently diverged, but independently evolving population-level lineages.
Tumours are composed of genetically heterogeneous subclones which may diverge early during tumour growth.
They can arise from environmental exposures or from genetically determined abnormalities, which may be evident at birth or which may become apparent later in life.
Phage display technology could provide a rapid means for the discovery of novel peptides and proteins from genetically engineered variants which may act as specific vehicles for drug delivery particularly through the intestinal barrier.
The growing of corn by an African peasant farmer from corn seeds that he has kept from the harvest of the previous year gives him more food security than growing a genetically modified seed, which may give a high yield, but over whose availability he has no control".
Host parasite coevolution might also lead to selection for sexual reproduction as a mechanism for producing genetically diverse offspring, which may be more successful at escaping infection.
