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Hence, the amount of genetic diversity expected in these E. coli organisms is unclear.
Selection against partially recessive deleterious alleles also affects the neutral genetic diversity expected at the MSD balance.
To estimate genetic diversity, expected heterozygosity (He) and mean number of alleles per locus (A) were computed for all markers and for the microsatellites (most of our markers), because their mutation process differs from that for SNPs.
Since almost all accessions were adapted winter-type materials, the relatedness within the selected population was medium to high, reflecting the low genetic diversity expected within this gene pool [ 37].
Marine invertebrates undergo a large variance in reproductive success and generally have only fractions of the genetic diversity expected from their census size [see Hedgecock's hypothesis of sweepstakes reproductive success (Hedgecock 1994; Hedgecock and Pudovkin 2011)].
The SNP data generated were used to examine temporal changes in the proportion of multiple-genotype infections (MIs), mean number of heterozygous SNPs within MIs, parasite genetic diversity (expected heterozygosity and genotypic richness), multilocus linkage disequilibrium and effective population size (N e ).
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The overall sample of 385 eastern coyotes had lower genetic diversity than expected (Table 2), even though observed heterozygosity generally exceeded expected heterozygosity in the ascertainment panel of 17 northeastern and Ohio coyotes (Table 1).
Levels of genetic diversity and expected genotypic diversity expressed as the average number of alleles per locus (A) and expected heterozygosity (He), respectively, were generally high for AMEL2, APEN1, APEN2, ALIG1, and ALIG2 (Table 2).
Despite their huge population, the 2014 study indicated that passenger pigeons had much less genetic diversity than expected.
This reduction in genetic diversity is expected to constrain a species's ability to adapt to an alien environment -- yet, somehow, they overcome it.
In spite of this, nearly all areas where we observed the highest levels of genetic diversity are expected to remain suitable in the future.
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