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The great shaping force of biological evolution -- natural selection -- favors the proliferation of genes that enable an organism to reproduce successfully.
Most notably, Dr. Perls and his colleagues have recently found, centenarians seem to carry a small handful of genes that enable them to live to 100 or better.
The strain was loaded with five different genes that enable any bacteria carrying them to be impervious to at least as many different antibiotics.
When you take an antibiotic, a few of the bacterial cells in your body already happen to have genes that enable them to be resistant to it, just by random chance.
They and colleagues have found that a particular strain of bacterium, a subspecies of Bifidobacterium longum, possesses a special suite of genes that enable it to thrive on the indigestible component of milk.
The ancient bacteria in the sediments turned out to contain all the major genes that enable modern bacteria to resist antibiotics, Dr. Wright reports in Thursday's issue of the journal Nature.
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Humans had evolved to survive famine, not feast, he said, and people today are the descendants of ancestors who had withstood starvation because they had genes that enabled them to store fat as a reserve.
They lend support to this hypothesis, as their dependence on parasitism is likely to have caused the loss of genes that enabled them to survive outside a cell.
They lend credence to this theory, as their dependence on parasitism is likely to have caused the loss of genes that enabled them to survive outside a cell.
Subsequently, acquisition of genes that enabled Leptospira to infect mammals would have expanded the range of environments that it could successfully occupy.
It is assumed that intracellular pathogens used ancestral phagocytic protists as host cells in a sympatric lifestyle (bacteria that can live together at least in some places) before the acquisition of specific genes that enabled the bacteria to become allopatric and pathogenic organisms.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com