To reduce any concern about phylogenetic uncertainty due to low sequence diversity, the AU test was performed on the same number of "super-genes" (1,072 for universal genes and 61 for universally present virulence genes) generated by randomly concatenating 3, 6, or 9 corresponding genes.
Amplification of flanking regions adjacent to the insertion sites is necessary for the detection of mutant genes generated by random Tn transposon insertion.
The expression levels of the twelve genes generated by qRT-PCR were consistent with the microarray analysis, demonstrating the reliability and accuracy of microarray results (Additional file 14: Figure S8a-8 l).
A strain harboring a synthetic operon that allows the production of isoprenoids through a MEP-independent pathway was used to screen for the otherwise lethal loss-of-function point mutations in the MEP pathway genes generated by ethylmethane sulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis.
The present study was designed to investigate the molecular determinants underlying the ability of acacetin to block hKv1.5 channels (coding IKur) in human atrial myocytes using the whole-cell patch voltage-clamp technique to record membrane current in HEK 293 cells stably expressing the hKv1.5 gene or transiently expressing mutant hKv1.5 genes generated by site-directed mutagenesis.
Polymorphism in malaria parasite genes generated by random mutations is a frequent characteristic of many genes coding for antigens.
The eyes of flower-visiting butterflies are often spectrally highly complex with multiple opsin genes generated by gene duplication, providing an interesting system for a comparative study of color vision.
We have annotated and analyzed the occurrence and conservation of AS-NMD candidates in genes, generated by in-frame premature stop codons, in four mammalian genomes: human, mouse, rat and cow.
Co-orthologs refer to genes generated by a lineage-specific duplication [ 41].
This conclusion was primarily obtained without examining miR genes generated by gene duplication.
The genes generated by different factors will show different makeup of asymmetric genes.
