The influence of cross-generational stress effects on species invasions has received even less attention (Duckworth 2009; Dyer et al. 2010).
This type of positive cross-generational and within-generational stress effects on the phenotype can play a significant role in species invasions.
Moreover, the exposure to multi-generational stress in F1-SS and F2-SSS rats indicates that prenatal stress has cumulative, context-dependent consequences.
From a pest management perspective, the fact that cross-generational stress can modify the response of the beetles in two directions with respect to fitness correlates means that the same management practice may have opposite outcomes depending on the previous stress experienced in preceding generations, that is, recent stress history of the population.
In plants, for instance, positive cross-generational stress effects have been observed in an annual grass, Aegilops triuncialis, where exposure of parental generations to stressful soils resulted in larger, more fecund progeny facilitating invasion to novel environments (Dyer et al. 2010).
Be prepared for generational tension.
This study was informed by an ecological framework, as well as life course, social role, generational cohort, and stress process theories, which guided data collection and interpretation.
The Summer House was the center of Mrs. Parish's world, the exemplar of generational continuity she stressed in her work.
The Summer House was the center of Mrs. Parish's world, the exemplar of generational continuity she stressed in her work.
But both Pyongyang and Beijing hinted that the issue was on their minds and stressed generational changes would not shake their bond, in official reports about Mr Kim's latest visit, released after he left the Chinese capital.
Signature issues: Has stressed his generational identity and called for policies on issues like climate change and economic opportunity.
