Sentence examples for generation of charges from inspiring English sources

For example, mesoporous TiO2 acts as the distributed heterojunction with large surface areas for the generation of charges by the CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite absorber, and collects and transports the electrons to the collecting electrode.

This stimulation occurs during homo- and hetero-exchange and suggests that AtAPC1 and AtAPC3 generally prefer ATP-Mg2− over ATP4− as import substrate independent of the generation of charge imbalances.

Solar cells are the basic block of solar array where the absorption of light quanta of specific energy results in generation of charge carriers.

The inverse process to the generation of charge carriers in semiconductor (e.g., TiO2 or ZnO) NPs is the decay of exciton.

The first step is the generation of charge carriers which is mainly dominated by the energy band structure of the light-responding semiconductor.

The oxidation was found to be endothermic and potential-dependent, indicating a large heat contribution due to generation of charge carriers in the polymer backbone.

Generation of charged nanoparticles in the gas phase has been frequently reported during the synthesis of thin films and nanostructures, such as nanowires, using chemical vapor deposition (CVD).

In this study, the dissipation or generation of charge did not occur during charge verification, despite the fact that the charged sTNP tip touched the grounded metal surface under N2 conditions.

Intrinsic degradation pathways include electrode diffusion, morphology evolution, or generation of charge transfer complexes between donor and acceptor molecules which act as source of photobleaching and recombination centers [12, 13].

A control experiment with ZnO@ZIF-8 ZnO@ZIF-8u NRs for sensing test only gave a poor response (Fig. S6), further proving that Au NRs helped improve the generation of charge carriers under visible light irradiation.

It is assumed that the fast component (I1) (~10-100 ms) reflects transient formation of the electrical gradient across the membrane, likely, due to generation of charge pairs in PSI (P700+[Fe-S]−).