Campaigns can use divestment as a media hook to generate stigma around certain industries, such as fossil fuel.
Dr Rosemary Gillespie, the chief executive of the Terrence Higgins Trust, attacked Farage's "ill-informed and discriminatory" comments and said they would "generate stigma, and make it harder to encourage people to take a test and stay safe".
"Such ill-informed and discriminatory comments generate stigma, and make it harder to encourage people to take a test and stay safe".
One reason the EITC might be more effective than hiring credits at creating jobs is that it presumably does not generate stigma effects, since the employer typically has no idea whether an employee is eligible for or receiving the EITC.22 (And as a policy to increase income from work, for the many people already employed who get an EITC payment, stigma is irrelevant).
Many women in the Middle East are also reluctant to get screened for the disease because of apprehension of seeing a (particularly male) doctor, the threat of divorce if they are diagnosed, or fear of generating stigma for their family.
It is also possible that the growing number of public health campaigns designed to educate the public about behavioural risk factors for cancer (e.g. smoking, obesity, Human Papillomavirus) could generate stigma by implying that cancers are avoidable [ 11].
In Warren's telling, her mother's Native American identity functioned the way black identity often has, throughout American history: as a genealogical stain, generating social stigma.
Confidentiality is particularly important in small societies with conditions that generate much stigma and fear.
Additionally, older men with HIV, who have not had the benefit of early effective treatment, are more likely than younger men to suffer physical manifestations of the illness, such as lipodystrophy, that generate further stigma (Monvoisin et al., 2008).
Hundreds of thousands of poor people say they have been put off applying for or collecting benefits because of the perceived stigma generated by false media depictions of "scroungers" – leading many to forgo essentials such as food and fuel, a new report claims.
