However, differently from the infective trypomastigote stages, the extracellularly generated amastigotes (henceforth referred to as EAs) were shown to promptly aggregate actin filaments after attaching to HeLa cells (Mortara, 1991; Procópio et al., 1999).
All 20 mutants described henceforth were generated as in-frame deletions of the target genes.
Endocytic intermediates generated by bulk endocytosis, henceforth defined as 'bulk' endosomes, eventually disappear as new SVs appear, suggesting a precursor-product relationship and possibly a direct formation of SVs from bulk endosomes (Heuser and Reese, 1973).
To determine whether genetic loss of p53 could rescue our esco2 m/m phenotypes, we generated esco2 hi2865/hi2865; p53 dzy7/dzy7 mutant embryos (henceforth referred to as esco2 m/m; p53 m/m), in which the dzy7 allele has an I166T mutation in the DNA-binding domain of p53, rendering it transcriptionally inactive (Parant et al., 2010).
To bypass the requirement of FoxM1 in the proliferative stage of early T cell development, we bred the floxed FoxM1 mice to the CD4-Cre transgenic mice [25] to generate CD4-Cre/FoxM1fl/fl mice (henceforth termed CD4-FoxM1).
To further validate our interest in the physiologic relevance of harmine's ability to enhance Treg cell differentiation, we tested the functionality of Treg cells generated under Treglow + harmine (henceforth abbreviated as TregHAR) conditions extensively.
Ezh2 was acutely deleted by the addition of 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4OHT) to cultures generated from UBC-CreERT2 Ezh2 UBC-CreERT2 Ezh2orth Ezh2 Δ/Δ ), resulting in a marked decrease in EZH2 and H3K27me3 staining as compared to control.
Mice with human APOE genes replacing murine APOE genes (henceforth described as 'APOE mice') were generated as published [78], [79], [80].
Ink4a/Arf-null SVZ NSCs with Ezh2-deletion (henceforth Ezh2 Δ/Δ ;Ink4a/Arf −/− ) generated primary and secondary NSs that were similar in size than those from Control; Ink4a/Arf −/− NSCs.
The global hidden Markov profile [ 20, 21] generated for STEAP and related vertebrate proteins (STEAP family, henceforth) localized the first bacterial sequence (SpTrembl Q7VKI9 from Haemophilus ducreyi) with an E-value of 0.63.
