A report this year from the U.S. Committee for Economic Development has concluded that the US National Institute of Health's policy of open access has accelerated the transition from basic research to commercialisation, generated more follow-on research and reduced duplicate or dead-end lines of inquiry – so increasing the US government's return on its investment in research.
It follows that information disclosure is also dependent upon the type of innovation at stake, the latter being determinative for the allocation of property rights among agents (Aghion and Tirole 1994) and the selection of the fittest appropriation regime for capturing and sharing the value generated by the commercialisation of innovations.
To assess the commercialisation impact of PRIs' research at firm, industry and economy levels, the PRIs actively tracked since 2006 the RICV of the intellectual property (IPs) generated from the licensees' commercialisation of the IPs and aggregated them at the various levels.
RICV could thus be objectively computed for every one-time or royalty-bearing IP licensing deal to estimate the sales revenue that firms generate from IP commercialisation.
Second, we are aware that RIE process from PRIs/universities' receipt of R&D grant award (to perform R&D) to their TTOs' successful commercialisation of IP generated (with licensing firms) may take an average of 3 to 8 years, involving multiple organisations and departments.
A report released this week by STOPAIDS and Global Justice Now argues that the commercialisation of these medicines by pharmaceutical companies has generated huge private profit from public funds.
Despite Brundage's strenuous resistance the commercialisation of the Games continued during the 1960s, and revenue generated by corporate sponsorship swelled the IOC's coffers.
As both developed and developing nations put in place the appropriate science, technology and education policies to facilitate technology commercialisation and academic entrepreneurship from universities/PRIs, there has been much scrutiny on their commercialisation output, namely, the number of IP licenses signed, the IP licensing revenues collected and the number spin-offs generated.
The MaRS project was established on the premise that if you create the infrastructure to bring the science, scientists, and the business community closer together, then you generate the impetus to accelerate technology commercialisation in a cluster environment.
The Electricity segment includes the electricity generation and commercialisation in Spain and Rest Kenyaa).
