With moderate noise, this point generates bumps that show little drift, whereas as noise is increased further the bump begins to drift.
Overall, these simulated dynamics generate bumps with broadly distributed latencies that closely resemble real bumps to very dim illumination, sampled in whole cell patch-clamp recordings of dissociated photoreceptors.
This is illustrated by the region of parameter space from Figure 2Ab, where gI is relatively high and gE relatively low, and which in deterministic simulations fails to generate bumps or grids.
Select "Generate Bump Map" within the dropdown menu.
If microvilli generated identical bumps with everything else being equal, then for the same slowly changing light input, two macroscopic outputs, one integrated from small and the other from large bumps, have the same rate of information transfer (simulated LICs: Figures S4A S4D).
They used a scanned image of the original plate to generate texture, bump, transparency, and specularity maps for the plate.
To generate the bump maps, we scanned each coin on a color scanner, which had 3 separate lights for red, green, and blue.
With other functions, a driver might move the knob to the left or right, or up and down, to position a cursor that would generate a bump when it reached the correct spot.
We find that by opposing emergence of hyper-sychronous seizure-like states noise allows the network to generate stable bump attractor states.
Bumps generated in individual microvilli have adapted (albeit stochastic) bump waveform and refractory periods that reflect their specific absorption histories and which affect information in the macroscopic responses.
