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Heparinization/retrograde organ perfusion did not alter the ability to generate outgrowth from myocardial sample.
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ER+ cells are able to proliferate and generate outgrowths that are restricted to differentiation along the luminal lineage.
We previously showed that ALDE+, but not ALDE– cells, from the normal breast epithelium generate outgrowths in immunodeficient mice [ 12].
This may result in failure of some genuine stem cells to form outgrowths or may allow more differentiated progenitors to reacquire primitive stem cell-like features and generate outgrowths, as has been recently reported for differentiating spermatogonial progenitors [ 43].
This cell number was chosen to increase the frequency of rare progeny and optimize their detection, based on our previous findings regarding ability of ALDE+ cells to generate outgrowths [ 12].
In a previous study, we demonstrated that normal breast cells with high ALDH activity have the broadest lineage-differentiation potential and the highest ability to generate outgrowths in vivo, when compared with the rest of the mammary epithelial population [ 12].
These estimates, from epithelial populations enriched (basal) or depleted (luminal) for stem cell activity, are fully consistent with the current estimate of 1 in 20,636 cells from the total virgin epithelium and suggest that cell purification lowers the ability of transplanted cell isolates to generate outgrowths.
These investigators attribute this finding to the purging of retained hematological cells responsible for generating outgrowth, as their limited series (n = 4) clustered culture failures in the retrograde perfusion group.
Five of the 13 cultures generated outgrowths.
Non-SP cells also generated outgrowths.
ER– cells and unseparated cells from the same samples generated outgrowths in all implanted fat pads.
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