While most mycorrhizal fungi are broad host generalists, forming diffuse mutualisms, a few appear to be specialists, occurring exclusively on a single host (Lang et al. 2011).
These findings imply that the evolution of generalist GST forms favors promiscuous catalytic activity presumably needed to cope with the breadth of dietary toxins encountered; this mirrors results for other consumer counter-defense proteins (i.e., cytochrome P450s) whereby more catalytically flexible detoxification enzymes may promote a greater degree of polyphagy [8].
Ensuring that sufficient funds are made available to support education and training for generalists would form a major investment in quality care and patient choice, enabling workforce development and uptake of the end of life care tools.
Initially only two species were described for the species complex, a generalist high bodied form widespread in the area (Cichlasoma citrinellum - now Amphilophus citrinellus), and a specialist thick-lipped form restricted to the large lakes Managua and Nicaragua (C. labiatum, now A. labiatus, [ 59, 60]).
For example, in a survey of GST isoforms from five lepidopteran species, specialist herbivores expressed only one major GST isoform, while generalists expressed multiple forms [7].
We conclude that the complex ecosystems are safe places for species belonging to the higher life forms, especially, generalist predators.
To date, definitions of generalist expertise takes the form of professional expert accounts [ 1, 29] or consensus statements derived from review of professional writing [ 2, 29].
However, species which are ecologically intermediate between habitat specialists and generalists, and typically form networks of populations on adjoining habitats, might suffer even more severely under rapid habitat fragmentation than those specialists which had for a long time already occurred as discrete populations.
That is, there are a few super-generalist species that form a well-connected core of the network and many other species with few interactions (Jordano et al. 2003).
It favored fire and life forms that were generalists and promoted the ability to spread -- perfect for both eucalypts and people.
