In general, the relatedness of α-keratins in the phylogenetic tree does not show clustering of α-keratins exhibiting expression in feather follicles (fig. 3 A), suggesting that the function of closely related α-keratin genes was already diversified in the early evolution of feathers (fig. 2 B and C).
There have been extensive reports of MHC-dependent mating preferences [ 9, 39, 82- 88]; however, we found no support for a potential role of MHC genes in mate choice, other than the general assessment of relatedness.
However, intraspecific relatedness in general can correspond with a wide range of ecosystem function.
This observation suggests the possibility of a more general pattern of evolutionary relatedness between the substrates of SIRT1 and SIRT3.
Recent molecular genetic studies have shown all ethnic groups to cluster together and, in general, show a close relatedness with the European and Middle-Eastern populations [ 10- 12].
For many purposes, the TOL serves as a general metaphor of evolutionary relatedness, despite the fact those relationships cannot be captured by an exclusively bifurcating pattern.
In general homologies correlate with evolutionary relatedness.
If one of the sets of genes is a reference list of EMT-associated genes, this functional similarity score is, in general terms, a measure of relatedness to the functional aspects of EMT.
Similar results were obtained when controlling for relatedness with phylogenetic General Least Squares (GLS) regressions [ 58] of female on male coloration scores (GLS regressions run with BayesTraits, available from http://www.evolution.rdg.ac.uk, estimating the parameter λ to quantify and correct for the phylogenetic signal in the data [ 59]).
Further work is needed to differentiate how variations in the musical dimension of songs affect lexical access [96], general semantic memory [97], and conceptual relatedness [20], [21], [98].
