Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
general recidivism
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "general recidivism" is correct and usable in written English.
It can be used in discussions related to criminal justice, psychology, or sociology, particularly when referring to the tendency of previously incarcerated individuals to reoffend. Example: "The study focused on factors influencing general recidivism among released prisoners."
✓ Grammatically correct
Health & Justice
Science
News & Media
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
46 human-written examples
Only the unmet needs domain reached significance for general recidivism.
Science
No significant prediction model was obtained for general recidivism.
Science
The number of unmet needs was also significantly correlated with general recidivism, though this was weak in magnitude.
Science
"Risk factors for general recidivism are not the same as for future intimate partner violence," said Dr. Jill Messing, an IPV expert who specializes in risk assessment and femicide at Arizona State.
News & Media
In female sexual offenders, general recidivism is also higher than sexual recidivism.
Science
In addition, differences in the impact of risk/protective factors on general recidivism were found.
Science
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
14 human-written examples
We derived risk factors for general criminal recidivism and classified re-offences by using a random forest approach.
Science
The most important predictive factors for general criminal recidivism were: number of prior convictions, age, type of index offence, diversity of criminal history, and substance abuse.
Science
In total, 30 variables were coded as independent variables, while general criminal recidivism as indexed by the criminal record served as the dependent variable.
Science
Compared to its practical significance, the risk for general criminal recidivism in mentally disordered offenders – in contrast to the risk of delinquency in the general population of Continental Europe - is not well investigated [ 1].
Science
The most important variables in predicting general criminal recidivism in our sample were number of prior convictions, age at examination, type of index offence, diversity of criminal history, and substance abuse.
Science
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When discussing recidivism, clearly define whether you're referring to "general recidivism" (any new offense) or specific types of recidivism (e.g., violent or sexual). This distinction adds precision to your analysis.
Common error
Avoid using the term "recidivism" without specifying whether it refers to any re-offense or a particular type. Always clarify if you mean "general recidivism" or a specific category like violent or drug-related re-offenses to prevent misinterpretations.
Source & Trust
81%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "general recidivism" functions as a noun phrase, typically used as the subject or object of a sentence. According to Ludwig, this phrase is correct and usable in written English, denoting the tendency of previously incarcerated individuals to reoffend in any capacity.
Frequent in
Science
60%
Health & Justice
30%
News & Media
10%
Less common in
Formal & Business
0%
Encyclopedias
0%
Wiki
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, "general recidivism" is a grammatically sound and commonly used phrase that refers to the act of re-offending after release from incarceration. Ludwig AI confirms its validity. It’s most prevalent in academic, scientific, and health & justice contexts, where it serves to categorize and discuss factors related to re-involvement in criminal activity. While "general recidivism" is widely understood, clarifying its scope—whether it encompasses any re-offense or specific types of crimes—is crucial for precision. Alternatives such as "overall recidivism rate" or "all-crime reoffending" can be used depending on the intended focus.
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
overall recidivism rate
Focuses on the total percentage of offenders who re-offend.
recidivism across the board
Emphasizes that recidivism affects all categories of offenders.
all-crime reoffending
Specifies that offenders re-offend in any type of crime.
unspecified reoffending
Focuses on instances of repeat offending without specifics.
total re-conviction rate
Refers to the total number of offenders reconvicted for new offenses.
comprehensive recidivism
Suggests a broad view of recidivism encompassing various types of offenses.
broad re-involvement in crime
Emphasizes the multifaceted nature of re-offending and criminal activity.
aggregate reoffending patterns
Highlights the cumulative patterns of recidivism across different offenders.
indiscriminate reoffending
Indicates that offenders re-offend randomly without a specific pattern.
non-specialized recidivism
Indicates repeat offending in crimes different than the original one.
FAQs
How is "general recidivism" typically measured?
General recidivism is commonly measured by tracking any new convictions, arrests, or incarcerations following an initial release. The specific metrics can vary depending on the study or jurisdiction.
What factors are commonly associated with "general recidivism"?
Factors associated with general recidivism include prior criminal history, substance abuse, lack of education or employment, unstable housing, and antisocial attitudes or behaviors.
How does "general recidivism" differ from specific recidivism?
While "general recidivism" refers to any re-offense, specific recidivism refers to the re-commission of a similar type of offense as the original crime. For example, a sex offender committing another sex crime would be an instance of specific recidivism.
What are some alternatives to "general recidivism"?
You can use alternatives like "overall recidivism rate", "recidivism across the board", or "all-crime reoffending" depending on the context.
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
81%
Authority and reliability
4.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested