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In contrast, exposure to the congeners PCB 138, 153 and 180 was not markedly elevated and most likely associated with general background exposure including food.
Because two types of exposure have to be considered, work-related and general background exposure, we also used data from reference populations without any known occupational exposure for estimation of background exposure levels.
However, numerous other studies have detected free BPA in both humans and rats, either associated with general background exposure or in experiments where rodents were dosed with BPA (Table 1).
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In spite of the cross-sectional design, our findings are biologically plausible; this is the first study in the general population with background exposure to POPs.
It will be important to consider mechanisms of action, timing of exposure, and existing chemical levels in the general population from background exposure when candidate chemicals are reviewed for this hypothesis.
In support of this assertion, we recently reported a striking dose response relation between serum concentrations of POPs and diabetes in the general population with background exposure to POPs (Lee et al. 2006b).
However, we recently reported striking associations of serum concentrations of several POPs with diabetes in a random sample of the general population with background exposure to POPs (Lee et al. 2006b).
However, in the study of general populations with background exposure to a mixture of POPs, it may be very important to measure a variety of POPs, because the associations of POPs with health outcomes may differ depending on the specific types of POPs in the exposure and the fact that POPs may interact with each other.
Multiple sets of age concentration CSD biomonitoring data that represent the general population at background exposure levels, combined with a population PK model, have the potential to provide information about changes in ongoing exposure and intrinsic elimination kinetics of persistent chemicals.
These two insights provide the basis for a new methodology to estimate a human elimination half-life, t1/2elim, that is representative of the general adult population under background exposure conditions.
Most of these detailed, ready-to-use protocols for human biomonitoring, do not only enable the monitoring of occupational exposure, but also the determination of the background exposure in the general population.
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