Next-generation sequencing is also replacing microarrays in high-throughput RNA interference screens: one can perform genomewide screens to identify genes that interfere with the viability of cancer cells using pools of short hairpin RNAs, and the results can be deconvoluted using next-generation sequencing [ 32].
Interferon alpha (IFNα) is rapidly upregulated in response to viral infections [7], [8], [9], and is an essential player in antiviral immune responses: it induces the expression of cellular genes that interfere with viral replication, activates NK cell function, and promotes maturation of antigen presenting cells [10], [11], [12], [13], [14].
In an experiment to screen for metagenomic clones containing genes that interfere with quorum sensing (QS), this reporter gene was used.
We anticipate this strategy may be applicable to confirm SGA screens of other query genes that interfere with sporulation or spore germination.
It is also apparently not necessary for the genes to be transcribed at high levels in haustoria since the 10 genes that interfered with Pgt development showed a large range of transcript levels.
This pattern is not evident in Clade A due to the presence of intra-subspecies multiple 16S rRNA genes that interfere with interpretation of the true phylogenetic relationships among these subspecies.
The rate and extent of atherosclerosis is therefore influenced by diet, and both are markedly accelerated by inactivating mutations in LDL receptor genes and mutations in the ApoB genes that interfere with the binding of LDL to the LDL receptor [ 8].
HSV-1 and HSV-2 encode a number of genes that interfere with the induction of apoptosis during lytic replication, including glycoproteins gD and gJ, as well as protein kinase Us3, ICP27 and ICP10 (Leopardi et al., 1997; Jerome et al., 1999; Zhou et al., 2000; Perkins et al., 2002).
A number of functional polymorphisms within the proximal promoter of the IL18 gene that may interfere with transcription-factor-binding sites have been verified [ 49, 50].
Moreover, the high frequency of missense mutations on the p53 gene suggests that interfering with mutant p53 function may provide a valuable approach for the development of efficient therapies able to target a wide range of tumor types.
