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The doppel gene PRND, also called prion-like gene (prion protein 2), is located immediately downstream (47,444,352 47,449,390 bp) of the PRNP gene.
Human prion disease is divided into 3 categories: genetic prion diseases with mutations of the prion protein (PrP) gene; prion diseases acquired by transmission of the prion through exposure to contaminated materials, including iatrogenic transmission; and sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) with no PrP mutation or evidence of exposure to prion.
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Data showing that a clusterin knockout mouse inoculated with BSE prions has a significantly increased incubation time suggested that Clu was a particularly good candidate quantitative trait gene for prion disease incubation time [25].
This gene produces prion protein, which is active in the brain and other tissues and also appears to be involved in transporting copper.
To our knowledge, our work is the first study to describe the differential regulation of this gene in prion diseases.
To test whether AD susceptibility genes are also quantitative trait genes for prion disease incubation time in mice we analysed Clu, Picalm and Cr1 in our HS mice as described above [21], [22].
Interestingly, some of the largest groups of de-regulated genes in prion disease, for example inflammatory response-related genes were not represented by the putative targets of de-regulated miRNAs.
There are three genes within this chromosomal locus, the prion gene PRNP, the doppel gene PRND, and the testis-specific alternatively spliced transcription product PRNT.
To investigate whether the identified genes affect prion propagation in a strain-specific manner, we challenged R7 cells with 22L and determined changes in susceptibility (Supplementary Table S9).
Further studies will be necessary to determine the role of these genes in prion replication, dissemination and in the response of the organism to this disease.
Prion gene is known to be associated with genetic prion diseases which include also Huntington disease-like syndrome [ 47].
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