The spectrum of the fluorescence, which is affected by strong gravity, let the team gauge the total energy of all radiation emitted from just above the event horizon.
The action was so disparate it was extremely difficult to gauge the total numbers involved, with estimates ranging from about 50,000 to more than 130,000.
The BIS says the best way to gauge the total volume of CDS exposures is by their gross market value, which was $294 billion last June.
Every year in the United States, criminals amass hundreds of billions of dollars in cash and goods from illegal activities — mortgage fraud, extortion, embezzlement, illegal gambling, bank fraud, public corruption, human trafficking, identity theft, securities violations, insurance fraud, intellectual property piracy and bankruptcy fraud — though it's impossible to gauge the total take precisely.
It's also difficult to gauge the total presence of these ads, as Facebook doesn't share the volume of on-site searches users run.
Combining that data with estimates of solar capacity researchers were able to gauge the total rooftop space available for solar power production in the U.S. .
Fourth, because the PA frequency in our questionnaire only went as high as '>3×/week', it was difficult to gauge the total amount of PA at the upper end.
Numerical efficiency is gauged by the total time required to calculate the system response.
Overall colony fitness was gauged by the total number of offspring produced by the end of the experiment, as the number of reproductives reared by a colony is highly correlated with the number of workers [ 29, 31].
Even with the energy requirement for gas compression accounted for (flue gas compression from atmospheric pressure to 1 bar gauge), the total energy requirement of the cyclic flow PBR is only 8%% that of the continuously circulating PBR at the design flow rate.
