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The crack gauge was attached on the concrete surface perpendicular to cracking direction (loading direction), and the crack width was monitored with loading.
As shown in Fig. 9, the displacement was measured using the LVDT (linear variable differential transformer) installed in four corners, and a 60 mm concrete strain gauge was attached perpendicularly to the four central parts of the specimen to measure the strain on the initial elastic zone.
Similar(58)
A special hose with a pressure gauge is attached to the scuba tank and then to the gun's air container.
In a typical scenario, a strain gauge is attached to a bone[6], and an electronic sensing device is employed to read the strain gauge resistance and transmit it to a computer where it can be studied and stored.
The pushing/releasing process was controlled by a Sutter MPC 385 3-D micromanipulator (Sutter Instruments, Novato, CA, USA) (range: 25,000 µm, resolution: 1 µm) where the digital force gauge is attached on the micromanipulator.
On the other hand, when the strain gauge is attached on the SMP side, using the strain on the surface of the SMP sheet ( (varepsilon^{prime})), W is expressed as follows: Wtext = text - frac{{textE_{text{M}} I_{text{M}}^ + E_{text{T}} I_{text{T}}^ textvarepsilon^{prime}}}{{h_{text{N}} x}}.
Sometimes the gauge is attached to the rubber bulb, in which case this step does not apply.
Strain gauges are attached to the outer surface (backface) of the substrates in the lengthwise direction to measure local surface strain during crack propagation.
Two groups of semi-conductive strain gauges were attached at the surface of the bar to obtain the strain/stress signals.
The gauges were attached to the track at several locations along all three spans.
Electrical resistance strain gauges were attached to the reinforcement and concrete surface.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com