The consequences include not only gas exchange deterioration and lung mechanics impairment but also an enhanced risk of triggering an inflammatory response in the lungs [3 5].
Previous studies have shown that in awake, hypoxaemic patients non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is helpful in preventing gas exchange deterioration during bronchoscopy.
During the course of the 24-hour study period, six of 10 animals developed gas exchange deteriorations consistent with the ARDS definition; two further animals fulfilled the gas exchange referred to as ALI.
Fiberoptic bronchoscopy with BAL was preformed the same day that VAP was suspected according to Johanson criteria (fever, leucocytosis, purulent secretions and infiltrate on radiograph) plus gas-exchange deterioration.
In hypoxemic patients needing fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB), noninvasive ventilation (NIV) has been used to prevent gas-exchange deterioration associated with FOB and to compensate for the increase in work of breathing occurring during FOB, thus avoiding endotracheal intubation and its related complications.
Compressor fouling is the most important factor of gas turbines performance deterioration and its main effect is compressor blade roughness growth.
Yttria partially stabilized zirconia thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are widely used to protect components of gas turbines against deterioration at high temperatures.
Moreover, recent developments in prognostics techniques designed to enhance the maintenance decision-making scheme and main causes of gas turbine performance deterioration are discussed to facilitate the fault identification module.
In the present work, the performance of the proposed FDI system is evaluated against the most common cause of gas turbine performance deterioration i.e. fouling and erosion in terms of the success rate and the estimation accuracy at different levels of sensor noise.
