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The chapter states that to achieve the three-dimensional confinement, self-assembled semiconductor QDs are produced with low band gap material in a higher band gap matrix.
Such a structure of the interelectrode gap matrix provides a fine-jet gas flow (the filtration transfer mechanism is realized); the excessive pressure in the interelectrode gap (in the separator pores) exceeds the capillary pressure on the electrode pores, as a result, the gas displaces the electrolyte from some pores of the electrode and these pores get partially filled with the gas.
Such system, which consists of QDs of a narrow energy gap material in wider gap matrix, is excellent for infrared optoelectronic applications.
One hundred and twenty whole-brain T2* weighted single shot echo planar (EPI) images were acquired (sequence parameters: TE = 38 ms, TR = 3000 ms, flip angle 90°, slice thickness 3.6 mm without gap, matrix 64×64, FOV 230 mm, in-plane resolution 3.6×3.6 mm2).
First, high-resolution T1-weighted structural images in coronel view were acquired with slice thickness of 1 mm without a gap (matrix = 256 × 256 × 216).
Cine imaging was obtained using balanced steady-state free precession gradient echo technique (slice thickness 8 mm, no gap, matrix 256 × 192, in-plane resolution 1.3 × 1.3 mm, TR/TE 39/1.1 ms, flip angle 59°).
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Gapped matrices that are traditionally used for gene alignments become fragmented into blocks by rearrangements or excessive divergence.
Generalizing the matrices of the DP-routines of secondary structure folding [ 13, 14] to gap-matrices [ 15], leads to a DP-folding of pseudoknotted structures [ 15] (pknot‐R&E) with O(n) space an O(n) time complexity.
Using the paradigm of gap-matrices Backofen has shown [ 32] that the sparsification of the DP-folding of RNA pseudoknot structures exhibits additional instances, where sparsification can be applied, see Figure 5B.
Since DP-folding paradigms of pseudoknots folding are based on gap-matrices [ 15], the minimal class of "missed" structures (given the implemented truncations) are exactly these, nonplanar, 3-noncrossing structures.
The decomposition rules that appear in gfold are reminiscent to those of pknot‐R&E but as they restrict the genus of sub-structures, the iteration of gap-matrices is severely restricted and the effect of sparsification of these decompositions is significantly smaller.
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