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The other presumable interpretation is the quasi-direct gap emission.
They reported the emission band at 440 nm corresponds to band gap emission from zinc oxide.
The UV emission is originated from excitonic recombination corresponding to the near band gap emission of ZnO.
The emissions centered at ~386 nm (~3.21 eV) could be near band gap emission [23] or band edge emission [24].
Photoluminescence (PL) shows a suppression of defect emission of ZnO nanoparticles and an enhancement in band gap emission.
Furthermore, the films showed strong near band gap emission centered at 386 nm and blue-green emission centered at 494 nm.
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To theoretically understand the origin of above band gap emissions, several theoretical models have been proposed to deal with the band gap widening of cubic SiC nanocrystals due to quantum confinement and surface reconstruction.
In contrast, the PL components observed in our samples show time constants ranging from 10 ps to 1 ns, where values are much higher than those of the above pseudodirect gap emissions.
The band-gap emission was observed when the particle size was smaller than 5 nm.
However, only a sixfold enhancement of the band-gap emission of ZnMgO was observed in the present work.
Photoluminescence measurement revealed band-gap emission at ∼390 nm (3.18 eV, Stokes shift of <10 nm with FWHM <30 nm).
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