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However, the WF solution is highly unfair, since only users with the best channel gains receive an acceptable channel capacity, while users with bad channel conditions achieve very low data rates.
Here, there are some interesting points to be noted: Using (20), it can be easily shown that the water-filling threshold λ* is a decreasing function of the average transmission power constraint T. That is, more realizations of the variable Z, and correspondingly the channel gains, receive powers as the average transmission power constraint increases.
In allocation decisions the notion of acceptable health states can lead to a change in the value that health gains receive.
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Table 1 Comparing personal information for winners and non-winners (prior to receiving windfall gains) Have received windfall gains Have not received windfall gains Diff. in means Mean Obs.
In the suit, Mr. Picard argued the family members should return ill-gotten gains received from Mr. Madoff's scheme.
Because the original investment in a traditional, deductible I.R.A. was never reported as income, it is taxable when it is taken out, as are any dividends, interest and capital gains received over the years, but everything is taxed as regular income.
These two variables hence give information on the size of windfall gains received by individuals.
By size of windfall gains received, there are 4,172 (48.8%) observed individuals with small windfall gains, 3,353 (39.2%) with medium windfall gains, and 1,023 (12.0%) individuals with large windfall gains.
Autonomous algorithms do not rely on information between base stations, they only exploit locally available (and a priori known) information about the environment such as direct channel gains, received interference, and noise.
STOCK AWARD GAINS The pretax gain received during fiscal 2008 from the vesting of previously granted stock awards.
STOCK AWARD GAINS The pretax gain received during fiscal 2010 from the vesting of previously granted stock awards.
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