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The tetR gene product on its own is inactive, and it is only after the addition of doxycycline (Dox) that it gains activity as a transcription factor by binding and activating the TRE promoter region and transcribing the adjoining gene, in this case Cre [40].
Heuts et al. [ 26] reveal that by substituting one residue in the substrate recognition site of F. graminearum chito-oligosaccharide oxidase, the enzyme gains activity on gluco-oligosaccharides.
PP2A gains activity again when Cdk1 is inactivated during metaphase, which requires recognition of cyclin B1 by Cdc20 and the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) (Pines, 2006; Yu, 2007).
However, these data contradict reports from genetic studies suggesting that kinase catalytic activity per se may not be required for IPP complex function (reviewed by Wickström et al., 2010 [ 35]. It is possible that ILK gains activity under very specific conditions (e.g. upon post-translational modification and/or allosteric activators), which may explain these contradictory reports.
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Instead, we found that many nef alleles of X4 SIVsmm strains were unable to downmodulate TCR-CD3 and to suppress T cell activation, while maintaining all other functions and even gaining activity in downmodulating CXCR4.
In contrast, endomorphin-1 gained activity with Y328F but lost activity at W320A, in both pathways.
An inactive atromentin synthetase, InvA3, gained activity after a domain swap that replaced its native thioesterase domain with that of InvA5.
Epigenetic marks associated with evolution of the human cortex gained activity relative to those in mice and monkeys.
Medicinal chemists will immediately have ideas how to alter a given structure in order to gain activity.
Such a person would thereby gain lots of true beliefs but, crucially, one would regard such truth-gaining activity as rather pointless.
ALK is also among the kinases that gain activity in lung adenocarcinomas, lung carcinoid tumors and squamous cell lung carcinomas in comparison to healthy lung.
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