In a paper published in the journal Maternal & Child Nutrition, Rundle finds that children born to women who gained excessive amounts of weight during pregnancy were three times more likely to be obese than children whose mothers gained a healthy amount of weight.
For example, these causative factors might be more common in women who gain excessive amounts of weight during pregnancy or they caused women to gain excessive amounts of weight during pregnancy.
First, weight retention in women who gained excessive amounts of weight during pregnancy may have persisted into their postmenopausal years.
Both epidemiological and animal data suggest that women who gain excessive amounts of weight during their pregnancies have an increased breast cancer risk later in life [ 15, 16].
A previous study that examined the rate of gestational weight gain and offspring body composition found that women who gained excessive amounts of weight (33) during pregnancy had offspring with greater adiposity at birth compared with the offspring of women who gained an appropriate amount of gestational weight (5).
It has also been suggested that impairments in glucose tolerance in obese children may more rapidly progress to T2D in this age group compared to adults due to the tendency for obese children to gain excessive amounts of weight [ 22, 23].
While it is known why some women do not gain weight in pregnancy and others gain excessive amounts, such extreme changes are likely to be related to uncommon pathologies, which we did not want to have a major influence on our findings, and therefore we excluded these 128 women from all analyses.
Including them into your ration will allow you to consume a necessary amount of calories without gaining excessive weight.
Total weight gain was chosen as outcome measure due to all studies reporting this outcome (in contrast to number of women gaining an excessive amount of weight which was not reported by all studies).
Other studies have found that gaining an excessive amount of weight in pregnancy as defined by the American Institute of Medicine [ 14], may be associated with an increased risk of gestational diabetes, caesarean delivery [ 15], postpartum weight retention [ 16] and childhood obesity [ 11].
Another alternative is that women who gained an excessive amount of weight during pregnancy may have had higher pregnancy hormone and growth factor levels than women who gained within the recommended range, stimulating the growth of existing malignant cells in the breast, leading to development of a detectable tumor.
