It is quite obvious that isoform gain and evolution could support phenotypic evolution (and notably phenotypic innovation), provided that isoforms have different function or regulation.
Only much later did some firefly species gain through evolution the ability to make light as adults.
By the end of the semester there was a significant gain in evolution acceptance (p < 0.001; see Fig. 3), which resulted in the majority of students having high acceptance of evolution.
However, both hypotheses are matters of much debate about the dynamics of intron loss and gain during evolution [16], [17].
This suggests a general pattern of intron gain during evolution of the UGT gene family.
Phylogenetic analyses show variations in clade structure between the grasses and Arabidopsis, and indicate differential gene loss and gain during evolution.
The central goal of the paper, then, is to infer what kind of changes (gene loss, gene gain, genome evolution) have taken place in the transition from free-living to parasitic lifestyles.
Consistent with previous studies of domain evolution, domain gain during ECM evolution appears to be more important in driving innovation than domain loss.
Such reconstruction can help addressing several fundamental problems that remain unsolved such as the extent of parallel gene loss and gene gain in mitochondrial evolution, evolution of gene structure after the transfer of mitochondrial genes to the nucleus, and more.
Fig. 3 Gains in evolution acceptance vs. initial acceptance level.
