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The samples consisted of 500 g of inoculum and approximately 2.5 g of volatile solids (VS) of the substrate, each in three replications.
Anaerobic inoculum (250 g) were added to portions of plant material corresponding to 1 g of volatile solids and incubated in 500-mL glass bottles at 39°C for 40 days.
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The sludge contained 15 g/L of volatile solids.
The optimum products obtained was as follows: substrate loading of 17.0 g volatile solids/L, microwave intensity of 500 W, and irradiation time of 14.0 min.
At an HRT of 4 days and an OLR of 3.23 gTVS LR− 1 d− 1 corresponding to an influent microalgae concentration of 12 g total volatile solids (TVS) L− 1, the volumetric rate of CH4 production reached 0.6 LSTP L− 1R d− 1.
Biomass specific rates were obtained by linear regression of either ammonium or nitrite concentrations in time divided by the constant concentration of volatile suspended solids (g VSS/L) in the batch flask.
The poor H2-producing performance at 4 h HRT is mainly attributed to the marked decrease in biomass content in the reactor due to severe cell washout, as the biomass concentration decreased to a low level of 1.63 g VSS/l (volatile suspended solid, VSS).
By steam distillation, 0.15 mL, 0.40 mL and 0.20 mL of volatile oils were extracted from 40 g PCa-08, PFo-08 and PFr-09, respectively.
To extract volatile compounds, 1 g of emulsion sample was mixed with 4 mL of deionised water and stirred continuously to disperse the sample.
To extract volatile compounds, 1 g of sample was mixed with 4 mL of deionised water and stirred continuously to disperse the sample.
The formation and decomposition process of volatile compounds of WO2 (OH)2 can be expressed as in the equation below: WO 2 OH 2 g + 3 H 2 g ⇔ W s + 4 H 2 O g (3).
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