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Plasma treated samples show larger lattice parameters and c/a values than the furnace treated samples, suggesting a higher concentration of interstitial atoms due to the plasma treatment.
While the photovoltaic performance of the DSSC fabricated using the microwave plasma treated NiOx coatings exhibited a tenfold increase in the conversion efficiency in comparison to the furnace treated samples.
A higher efficiency in surface hardening is shown by the glow-discharge treatment in respect of the furnace process: by using the same treatment temperature and time, glow-discharge treated samples have thicker hardened layers with higher hardness values than the furnace treated ones, and this effect is more marked for 973-K treated samples, while it is reduced for 1173-K treated samples.
The plasma treatment is shown to be more efficient in hardening titanium surface layers than the furnace process: by using the same treatment temperature and time, plasma treated samples have a thicker hardened layer, with higher hardness values than the furnace treated ones.
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Graphite substrate surface was conditioned by subjecting to sand blast roughing and nitrogen flushed furnace treating.
They shovelled coal into the conservative furnace by treating a few honest but ill-chosen words by commentator Juan Williams as if he had committed a felony.
In the furnace, we heat treated the precursor at 600 °C for 2 h in air, in a ceramic boat, and then cooled it to reach room temperature in a desiccator.
To get different Al doping concentrations, silicon samples were screen printed with aluminum paste on two sides firstly, then were fired in sintering furnace and were treated with hydrochloric acid to remove Al paste and alloy layers, and lastly were etched by KOH (10% in mass concentration, 80°C) at different times.
In this paper, the water wall system of a 600 MW supercritical circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler with complex furnace structure is treated as a simplified series-parallel flow network, which consists of parallel flow loops, pressure nodes and connecting tubes.
By the 16th century, crude furnaces for treating cinnabar by distillation and condensation were meeting the growing demand for quicksilver in medicine and in the amalgamation of gold and silver ores.
The high-temperature blast furnace slag is conventionally treated by water quenching (WQ) method with enormous waste heat unrecovered.
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