Mr Madoff's massive, $50bn hedge-fund fraud employed an auditing firm with only three employees, one of whom was a secretary.
The S.E.C. report conceded that a number of "our enforcement actions involving hedge fund fraud have been against hedge fund advisers that are registered with the S.E.C".
The bridegroom, 29, investigates potential cases of health, welfare and pension fund fraud for the Chicago office of the Employee Benefits Security Administration, part of the federal Department of Labor.
He was returned to Manhattan, where a judge sentenced him the next day for the hedge fund fraud and revoked his $500,000 bail.
"THE full extent of this complicated fraud is not yet known," said Eliot Spitzer, New York state's attorney-general, when he launched an investigation into mutual-fund fraud on September 3rd.
Mr. Rattner went on to oversee the Obama administration's overhaul of the auto industry before becoming the subject of a pension fund fraud scandal, which he is in the process of trying to settle.
While allegations of so-called benefit fund fraud are common, the investigation is notable because the companies under scrutiny, according to records maintained by the integrity commission, have a total of more than 130 trucks.
During a closed-door trial, Mr. Chen admitted that he was "partially responsible" for some of the pension fund fraud, but pleaded not guilty, according to the state-run news media.
Last week, Harvey L. Pitt, the chairman of the Securities and Exchange Commission, said that he was concerned about possible hedge fund fraud, and that the agency was considering tougher reporting requirements and restrictions on fees.
Barely six months earlier, Hoffa had walked out of Lewisburg Federal Penitentiary in Pennsylvania, freed by President Nixon's executive grant of clemency after serving four years and nine months of his original 13-year sentence for jury tampering and pension-fund fraud.
