It is expected that the 2012 figures will reveal a record funding deficit of £2m.
Moreover, the balance between using cuts to fund deficit reduction or alternative spending is firmly in the direction of Conservative deficit hawks.
The Channel 4 chief executive, Andy Duncan, has long maintained that by the time of digital switchover in 2012 the broadcaster would face a funding deficit of as much as £150m.
As to where money to fund deficit reduction, Medicare, and Social Security would come from, without any new taxes, Romney said, "The revenue I get is by more people working, getting higher pay, paying more taxes".
All told, according to the Social Security Actuary, this proposal would extend the life of the Social Security Trust Fund to 2052 while cutting the long term funding deficit in half.
According to the Netherlands Central Bank, 261 Dutch pension funds, with 5.1 million active members and 2.5 million retirees, faced funding deficits at the end of November 2011.
Central banks could both provide monetary stimulus and act as willing buyers for government bonds through quantitative easing (QE), making it easier to fund deficits.
Governments also find it easier to fund deficits during recessions, when nervous investors are only too happy to shelter behind the safety of government bonds.
Introduction: Throughout the 1990s, in response to funding deficits, out-of-pocket payment has grown as a share of total expenditure in countries in transition.
The central government itself did not borrow money, and without public debt had to fund deficits from cash reserves.
For example, encouraged by the receipt of transfers from other programmes to fund deficits in previous periods, the Canmore surgical programme explored the possibility of funding service expansions using resources released from community services and long-term care [ 23].
