RA and its metabolites also play a crucial role in adult physiological functions such as promoting growth and differentiation, regulating apoptosis, and maintaining homeostasis in numerous tissues [27].
The EPS has many functions, such as promoting the microbial adhesion and structural stability of the biofilm (Flemming et al. 2007; Stoodley et al. 2002), and enhancing biofilm resistance to antimicrobial agents.
Likewise, Eomes performs similar functions such as promoting the production of cytotoxic effector molecules and IFN- γ [ 22].
However, JH also has important post-developmental functions such as promoting accessory gland protein (Acp) synthesis [ 69].
In addition, endophytic bacteria have previously been reported to be involved in several biological functions such as promoting plant growth, biocontrol agents, and phytoremediation [ 24, 27– 29].
In general, TAMs display an M2 phenotype, which has pro-tumoral functions, such as promoting stromal modifications allowing for tumor cell survival, proliferation, and spread.
B7-H1 cactast as both receptor and ligand and has immunosuppressive functions such as promoting activated T-cell apoptosis and inhibiting T-cell-mediated tumour cell apoptosis [ 1, 145, 146].
Consequently it is likely that Akt and SGK isoforms could phosphorylate an overlapping set of substrates and hence possess similar functions such as promoting proliferation and survival of cancer cells.
Evidence from mammalian models indicates that gene body methylation may have other molecular functions, such as promoting RNA polymerase pausing [ 21], modulating other epigenetic marks [ 25, 26], or affecting altering promoter usage [ 26].
In addition, and perhaps more importantly, the CAB made a unique and important contribution relating to intrinsic functions such as promoting the respect and dignity of research participants and their community.
