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The lowest value of gra_r (gra_rmin) functions as an indicator of the buckling capacity.
These results provide, to our knowledge, a first experimental demonstration that variation in learning abilities among males plays a functionally important part in the expression of a sexually selected trait, and further provide support for the hypothesis that song functions as an indicator of male quality because it reflects variation in response to early developmental stress.
If this is the case, a condition-dependent ornament functions as an indicator for the degree of local adaptation, since only those individuals that well-adapted to the local environment will be in a good condition and, hence, able to develop a bright plumage (in Fig. 8, the short-billed birds in habitat 1 and the long-billed birds in habitat 2).
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An immune response index, intended to function as an indicator of overall immunoactivation or immunosuppression, was calculated for each patient.
Similarly, read may function as an indicator of luxury; 76%-87%-87%man-made items described by read and its compounds are high-value luxury goods.
By using the work function as an indicator of the electron donation of carbon, an exponential dependence of specific activity on work function was discovered for N- and P-CNTs, suggesting that the electron transfer on the surfaces of CNTs plays a central role in the CNT-catalyzed oxidation of cyclohexane.
We utilize the channel condition to design an evaluation function as an indicator which aims to maximize the sum rate of the system.
GDP was never intended to function as an indicator of well-being and GDP is insensitive to the distribution of income within a country.
As a result, song complexity could function as an indicator of past condition.
Fluorescent eye rings may function as an indicator of presence (Fig. 8c) or reveal the direction of gaze (Fig. 4e g, Fig. 8a, d, Additional file 3, sequence 2b).
These one-third samples function as an indicator of any potential assay to assay variability, which is not normalized away by the positive control normalization (see later); differences in results likely reflect sample pipetting inaccuracies.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com