While the existence of genetically-encoded proteins presumes a functioning translation machinery, it is possible that protein recruitment to a purely RNA-based "proto-ribosome" could have occurred for the LSU and SSU within different lineages (or sets of lineages) with distinct genetic codes, and therefore reflect distinct code histories.
Although there are many parallels in biological systems between humans and nonhuman animals, especially with regard to the HPA axis and glucocorticoid functioning, translation of findings across species must be undertaken with extreme care.
Some of these functional groups are clearly over-expressed for functioning in translation, transcription and energy production and conversion.
And while the app needs an Internet connection to function, translation history is stored locally on the device and can be accessed while offline.
Seven factors like notions about translation, notions about translation problems, the translation units, translation equivalence, translation functions, translation competence and translation strategies are included in the questionnaire (Orozco, 2000).
The down-regulated gene set indicates a down regulation of mitochondrial function, translation and ribosome synthesis.
In addition, genes involved in immune function, translation and energy or anabolic metabolism are expressed across the lactation cycle.
For molecular function, the dominant assignments were to enzymatic activity and to nucleic acid binding and related functions (translation factor, transcription factor).
Temporal changes in phosphorylation levels were abundant in proteins involved in spore-specific functions, translation, metabolism, and stress response (Fig. 2c; Additional file 6: Table S3).
For example, females of both insects tend to express genes involved in ribosome function, translation initiation, and DNA replication at a higher level than males [ 16].
The largest primary operon identified here contains 16 genes coding for proteins with diverse cellular functions (translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis, transcription, replication, recombination and repair, carbohydrate transport and metabolism, and coenzyme transport and metabolism, according to eggNOG classification [ 47]).
