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According to the domain assignment of the InterPro/Pfam domain database against P. furiosus proteome, 95 98% of the 942 functionally known proteins possessed domains related to those with known function (functional domains).
For example, 2057 P. furiosus proteins were categorized into 942 functionally known proteins, 121 proteins with putative function, and 994 hypothetical proteins.
Such analyses have been used to predict functions of unknown genes based on coregulation with functionally known genes and for the identification of target genes of transcriptional regulators.
To reduce the bias of functional variety in the protein data set, the functionally known proteins of the six model species were filtered to remove homologous proteins at sequence identity level with E-value < 1 × 10−4 and short peptides < 20 amino acids from future analyses.
When these 933 differentially expressed genes were subjected to the bioinformatics study using Ingenuity Pathways Analysis IPAA, Ingenuity® Systems, http://www.ingenuity.com) to generate the gene networks and functional annotations, 213 genes were recognized as mapped IDs (functionally known genes) by the IPA program (Additional file 2) and subjected to further bioinformatics analysis.
Several different approaches have been developed in recent years to assess relationships between functionally known and unknown genes/proteins through biological networks and predict new functions of genes/proteins, especially in humans [1].
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Ten (spots 3, 8, 11, 12, 13, 14, 20, 22, 23 and 24) out of 31 differentially regulated proteins were identified as hypothetical, conserved hypothetical and predicted proteins that show no homology to functionally characterized proteins with known functions.
Specifically, we showed that regions (MFG) that were task-specifically effectively connected to known functionally relevant brain areas (PPC) were themselves also functionally relevant for behavior.
Many of the residues predicted in Figure 2 as being functionally important are known to be involved in the overall function of the GRX domains.
The columns contain functionally related gene sets (Feature), the enrichment significance of genes found in 225 candidate genes containing known functionally related genes (FDR), number of related genes found in 225 candidate genes (Genes in network), and the overall total number of genes associated with a particular function in the human genome.
It was possible then to obtain a functional Gene Ontology (GO) annotation for those URFs having a BLAST hit against a known functionally annotated protein.
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